Week 34: Bhagavad Gītā 2.20

This week is designed as a 60-minute self-study lesson. Read aloud first, then translate.

Aim of the Week

Read Bhagavad Gītā 2.20 with attention to negation, passive forms, and locative absolute-like expression.

न जायते म्रियते वा कदाचिन्
नायं भूत्वा भविता वा न भूयः ।
अजो नित्यः शाश्वतोऽयं पुराणो
न हन्यते हन्यमाने शरीरे ॥
na jāyate mriyate vā kadācin
nāyaṃ bhūtvā bhavitā vā na bhūyaḥ |
ajo nityaḥ śāśvato ’yaṃ purāṇo
na hanyate hanyamāne śarīre ||
WordMeaning
not
जायतेis born
म्रियतेdies
वाor
कदाचित्at any time
अयम्this
भूत्वाhaving become
भविताwill be/become
अजःunborn
नित्यःeternal
शाश्वतःlasting
पुराणःancient
हन्यतेis killed
हन्यमाने शरीरेwhen the body is being killed

Verse Analysis Practice

  1. न जायते।
    na jāyate.
  2. न म्रियते।
    na mriyate.
  3. अयम् अजः नित्यः।
    ayam ajaḥ nityaḥ.
  4. न हन्यते हन्यमाने शरीरे।
    na hanyate hanyamāne śarīre.
Answer key
  1. It is not born.
  2. It does not die.
  3. This is unborn and eternal.
  4. It is not killed when the body is being killed.

Recitation Guidance

Let the repeated mark the logical structure. Do not rush the compound-like phrase शाश्वतोऽयं.

Vocabulary

DevanāgarīIASTMeaning
जायतेjāyateis born
म्रियतेmriyatedies
अजःajaḥunborn
नित्यःnityaḥeternal
शरीरेśarīrein/when the body