Week 25: Having Done: कृत्वा, गत्वा, दृष्ट्वा
This week is designed as a 60-minute self-study lesson. Read aloud first, then translate.
Aim of the Week
Recognise Absolutives / gerunds as a compact way Sanskrit expresses sequence, completed action, purpose, and obligation.
Core Pattern
Compact verb forms often replace full clauses. Expand them in English when needed.
Translation Practice
- रामः वनं गत्वा मुनिं पश्यति।
rāmaḥ vanaṃ gatvā muniṃ paśyati. - कृष्णं दृष्ट्वा अर्जुनः वदति।
kṛṣṇaṃ dṛṣṭvā arjunaḥ vadati. - कर्म कृत्वा सः गच्छति।
karma kṛtvā saḥ gacchati. - श्लोकं पठित्वा विद्यार्थी लिखति।
ślokaṃ paṭhitvā vidyārthī likhati.
Answer key
- Having gone to the forest, Rāma sees a sage.
- Having seen Kṛṣṇa, Arjuna speaks.
- Having done the action, he goes.
- Having read the verse, the student writes.
Recitation Guidance
Read compact forms like कृत्वा, गन्तुम्, and कर्तव्यम् as single units.
Vocabulary
| Devanāgarī | IAST | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| गत्वा | gatvā | having gone |
| दृष्ट्वा | dṛṣṭvā | having seen |
| कृत्वा | kṛtvā | having done |
| पठित्वा | paṭhitvā | having read |
| मुनिम् | munim | sage as object |
Self-Check
- Can you expand the compact form into a full English clause?
- Can you identify what action happened first?